Advertisement
Research shows a strong association between rheumatoid arthritis and heart issues
Achy joints qualify as the most well-known symptom of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). But did you know that the chronic joint condition also can increase your risk of heart disease?
Advertisement
Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy
People with RA tend to have higher rates of cardiovascular disease and elevated risk for serious cardiac events (such as a heart attack) with worse outcomes. The association can be a deadly one, too.
To explain how creaky joints relate to the health of your ticker, we turn to rheumatologist M. Elaine Husni, MD, MPH, and cardiologist Steven Nissen, MD.
RA is an autoimmune disease that’s a progressive form of inflammatory joint disease. The condition typically targets smaller joints (like those in your hands or feet).
Uncontrolled inflammation that comes with RA damages shock-absorbing cartilage within your joints. The result is typically pain and swelling in the affected joint. Eventually, RA can lead to deformities that destabilize joints.
But that inflammation doesn’t just affect your body’s bendy parts. It hits other areas, too, including your heart, says Dr. Husni and Dr. Nissen.
The chronic inflammation that comes with RA can accelerate scarring and narrowing of your arteries, a condition known as atherosclerosis. This “hardening of the arteries” gradually slows blood flow to your heart and other organs.
Research offers large amounts of evidence linking RA and atherosclerosis, which can lead to heart disease. (The relative risk of heart disease for those with RA is in the range of or similar to other important risk factors, such as smoking.)
Advertisement
“There is a very strong association of accelerated heart disease in patients with various types of inflammatory arthritis, such as RA, lupus and psoriatic arthritis,” says Dr. Husni.
Studies also connect inflammation from RA to an increased risk of atrial fibrillation and the heart and health concerns the condition brings.
People with RA also tend to have accompanying health issues that increase the risk of heart disease, according to the Arthritis Foundation. The list includes:
Smoking also is considered a leading risk factor for RA and — as you might imagine — it’s not great for your heart either. Puffing on cigarettes has been connected to about 1 in 4 deaths from cardiovascular disease.
Lowering heart disease risk from RA begins with establishing and following a treatment plan to help manage inflammation. Regular visits to your rheumatologist for exams and tests can also help manage symptoms of RA.
Less inflammation puts less strain on your cardiovascular system, which — as outlined — is pretty important, notes Dr. Nissen.
Plus, reducing inflammation can help decrease some of those other related risk factors, as also noted. (Win-win!)
Other recommendations include:
Advertisement
Increased awareness of the strong connection between RA and heart disease is essential to improve long-term health outcomes. Too often, the link between the conditions has been underestimated.
Bottom line?
“If you have RA, talk to your rheumatologist about all the different ways RA can affect your body even beyond the joint issues,” recommends Dr. Husni. “Make aggressive cardiovascular risk factor screening and management a priority.”
Advertisement
Learn more about our editorial process.
Advertisement
Studies show those who walk faster tend to have a lower risk of heart disease
Recognizing subtle symptoms, like cold sweats, stomach discomfort and nausea, could be the key to survival
The process usually starts with your primary care provider, who may refer you to a rheumatologist or orthopaedist
Statin use has been associated with weight gain but the reasons aren’t clear — and the benefits of statins far outweigh the risks
Some statins have been shown to slightly increase your risk of diabetes — but that shouldn’t keep you from taking the medication you need
Research points to an association between the health of your gums and cardiovascular disease
Factors like temperature, energy levels and sleep quality play a role in determining whether working out in the morning or evening is best for you
Lifestyle adjustments can help you raise your HDL, the ‘good’ cholesterol
Focus on your body’s metabolic set point by eating healthy foods, making exercise a part of your routine and reducing stress
PFAS chemicals may make life easier — but they aren’t always so easy on the human body
While there’s little risk in trying this hair care treatment, there isn’t much science to back up the claims