Locations:
Search IconSearch

Can Stress Give You a Stomach Ulcer?

There’s debate about whether there’s a relationship

stomach ulcer H. pylori bacteria

Stress shoulders a lot of blame for health issues like high blood pressure, fatigue and depression — and rightly so. But when it comes to causing stomach ulcers, it gets a bit of a bad rap.

Advertisement

Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy

The main triggers for stomach ulcers, also known as peptic ulcers or gastric ulcers, are:

  • H. pylori infection caused by a common gut bacteria.
  • Overuse of over-the-counter pain relief medication known as NSAIDs, short for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Now, that doesn’t mean stress is off the hook completely. While it might not be the main culprit behind stomach ulcers, it definitely qualifies as an accomplice. Gastroenterologist Christine Lee, MD, explains.

Does stress cause ulcers?

Research shows that there’s a relationship between stress and ulcers. But does stress actually cause ulcers? That’s where things get complicated.

From numerous studies, it’s pretty clear that stress often serves as a backdrop to stomach ulcers, explains Dr. Lee. People diagnosed with this stomach condition often report high levels of stress in their daily lives.

Your body’s natural response to stress also increases stomach acid, a source of ulcers.

But people under stress tend to use more NSAIDs to address aches and pains that develop. Stressors also can prompt more alcohol and tobacco use, factors known to fuel and worsen ulcer development, Dr. Lee notes.

Stress-stoking surgeries and illness have been connected to the development of stomach ulcers, too. (Plus, let’s be honest: The burning feeling in your gut that comes from an ulcer can amp up perceived stress levels!)

Advertisement

So, it becomes a question of which comes first, stress or the ulcer?

“Basically, it’s a chicken-or-the-egg sort of argument,” says Dr. Lee. “There’s a lot of conflicting research and debate on the topic. Most, though, view stress as something that does not cause stomach ulcers on its own.”

So, what causes ulcers?

A lining in your stomach protects it against the caustic acids and enzymes inside of your gut. Ulcers develop when that lining breaks down and allows those internal juices to eat away at your stomach wall.

But what’s powerful enough to undermine that tough lining? Let’s look at the two main sources.

H. pylori infection

Between 50% and 75% of the world’s population has H. pylori bacteria in their belly. For most, it’s not a problem. Sometimes, though, this bacteria multiplies to the point where your immune system can’t keep it in check.

This bacteria overgrowth may eventually work around your stomach’s immune system and damage your stomach walls, leading to ulcers. About 40% of stomach ulcers are linked to H. pylori.

NSAIDs

Taking an over-the-counter (OTC) pain pill is often shrugged off as no big deal in today’s world. But here’s the thing: The medications are powerful, and sending too many pills into your belly can cause problems.

The medication can irritate your stomach lining and even block your body’s natural ability to repair the damage. About 50% of stomach ulcers are caused by NSAID overuse.

The medication can decrease production of a hormone called prostaglandin, which can decrease the thickness of your stomach lining or impair your body’s natural ability to repair stomach lining damage.

Symptoms of a stomach ulcer

Burning discomfort and indigestion are two classic signs of a stomach ulcer. It can be described as an intense sensation that sometimes accompanies gut pain. The discomfort typically grows when you have an empty stomach.

Other common symptoms include:

  • A bloated stomach.
  • Nausea or vomiting.

Does a stomach ulcer go away?

Common ulcers typically heal with medication designed to reduce stomach acid and put a protective coating over the ulcer. If an H. pylori infection is involved, antibiotics may be prescribed to kill the bacteria.

You’ll need to avoid irritating the ulcer, too, which means avoiding NSAIDs, alcohol and smoking during recovery. Limiting their use afterward could help you avoid future issues, as well.

Managing stress

While stress may not cause a stomach ulcer, it certainly doesn’t help it, says Dr. Lee. Learning how to better handle stressors in your life can help you be a healthier, happier and more productive person.

Advertisement

Ease stress by trying:

And if your life continually feels overwhelming, consider talking to your healthcare provider or a therapist.

What’s the difference between GERD and stomach ulcers?

Advertisement

Learn more about our editorial process.

Related Articles

Green smoothie bowl with strawberries, granola, seeds and coconut
January 9, 2025/Digestive
Why Is Your Poop Green?

There’s usually a simple answer, like what you ate, but the color can also be a cause for concern

Person journaling at desk in sunny home office, with laptop, smartphone and healthy fruits and nuts on desk
December 30, 2024/Digestive
Bloating Remedies: 6 Quick Fixes and 7 Longer-Term Strategies

Peppermint oil, exercise and a belly massage can help, but for ongoing symptoms, you may need to talk to a healthcare provider

Close-up of rash on skin
December 30, 2024/Skin Care & Beauty
Are Stress Hives a Real Thing?

Tough times can become even tougher if they leave an itchy rash on your skin

Person in bed with an illustration of a large phone next to them displaying the numbers 988
December 23, 2024/Mental Health
What Happens When You Call the Suicide Hotline?

Dialing 988 connects you to a network of counselors who can offer support you need

Smiling person holding martini glass, with another person's hand also holding maritini glass
December 17, 2024/Digestive
Can Alcohol Cause Diarrhea?

Yes, diarrhea is common after drinking too much alcohol — and the best treatment is to hydrate and wait it out

Sliced grilled chicken sprinkled with sesame seeds over mixed greens with tomatoes and onions
December 12, 2024/Digestive
How To Change Your Diet After Gallbladder Removal

After a cholecystectomy, your body may temporarily have a hard time processing fat and fiber

Bowl of oatmeal, topped with fried egg and avocado, with small bowl of seeds on table
December 10, 2024/Cancer Care & Prevention
Foods To Eat and Avoid When You Have Advanced Gastric Cancer

Opt for soft foods or liquids that are rich in protein, calories and vitamins

Person eating a spoonful of ice cream, holding a glass bowl of ice cream
December 6, 2024/Digestive
Can You Live Without a Gallbladder?

You may have some digestive issues after a cholecystectomy, but they’re usually temporary

Trending Topics

Person in bed sleeping on their side, covers off
Breathing Problems? Try These Sleep Positions

If you’re feeling short of breath, sleep can be tough — propping yourself up or sleeping on your side may help

A couple looking at skyline, with one person slightly behind the other, head bent down
What Is Anxious Attachment Style — and Do You Have It?

If you fear the unknown or find yourself needing reassurance often, you may identify with this attachment style

Glasses and bottle of yellow-colored prebiotic soda, with mint, lemon and ginger garnish
Are Prebiotic Sodas Good for You?

If you’re looking to boost your gut health, it’s better to get fiber from whole foods

Ad