Locations:
Search IconSearch

Can Stress Give You a Stomach Ulcer?

There’s debate about whether there’s a relationship

stomach ulcer H. pylori bacteria

Stress shoulders a lot of blame for health issues like high blood pressure, fatigue and depression — and rightly so. But when it comes to causing stomach ulcers, it gets a bit of a bad rap.

Advertisement

Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our site helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services. Policy

The main triggers for stomach ulcers, also known as peptic ulcers or gastric ulcers, are:

  • H. pylori infection caused by a common gut bacteria.
  • Overuse of over-the-counter pain relief medication known as NSAIDs, short for nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.

Now, that doesn’t mean stress is off the hook completely. While it might not be the main culprit behind stomach ulcers, it definitely qualifies as an accomplice. Gastroenterologist Christine Lee, MD, explains.

Does stress cause ulcers?

Research shows that there’s a relationship between stress and ulcers. But does stress actually cause ulcers? That’s where things get complicated.

From numerous studies, it’s pretty clear that stress often serves as a backdrop to stomach ulcers, explains Dr. Lee. People diagnosed with this stomach condition often report high levels of stress in their daily lives.

Your body’s natural response to stress also increases stomach acid, a source of ulcers.

But people under stress tend to use more NSAIDs to address aches and pains that develop. Stressors also can prompt more alcohol and tobacco use, factors known to fuel and worsen ulcer development, Dr. Lee notes.

Stress-stoking surgeries and illness have been connected to the development of stomach ulcers, too. (Plus, let’s be honest: The burning feeling in your gut that comes from an ulcer can amp up perceived stress levels!)

Advertisement

So, it becomes a question of which comes first, stress or the ulcer?

“Basically, it’s a chicken-or-the-egg sort of argument,” says Dr. Lee. “There’s a lot of conflicting research and debate on the topic. Most, though, view stress as something that does not cause stomach ulcers on its own.”

So, what causes ulcers?

A lining in your stomach protects it against the caustic acids and enzymes inside of your gut. Ulcers develop when that lining breaks down and allows those internal juices to eat away at your stomach wall.

But what’s powerful enough to undermine that tough lining? Let’s look at the two main sources.

H. pylori infection

Between 50% and 75% of the world’s population has H. pylori bacteria in their belly. For most, it’s not a problem. Sometimes, though, this bacteria multiplies to the point where your immune system can’t keep it in check.

This bacteria overgrowth may eventually work around your stomach’s immune system and damage your stomach walls, leading to ulcers. About 40% of stomach ulcers are linked to H. pylori.

NSAIDs

Taking an over-the-counter (OTC) pain pill is often shrugged off as no big deal in today’s world. But here’s the thing: The medications are powerful, and sending too many pills into your belly can cause problems.

The medication can irritate your stomach lining and even block your body’s natural ability to repair the damage. About 50% of stomach ulcers are caused by NSAID overuse.

The medication can decrease production of a hormone called prostaglandin, which can decrease the thickness of your stomach lining or impair your body’s natural ability to repair stomach lining damage.

Symptoms of a stomach ulcer

Burning discomfort and indigestion are two classic signs of a stomach ulcer. It can be described as an intense sensation that sometimes accompanies gut pain. The discomfort typically grows when you have an empty stomach.

Other common symptoms include:

  • A bloated stomach.
  • Nausea or vomiting.

Does a stomach ulcer go away?

Common ulcers typically heal with medication designed to reduce stomach acid and put a protective coating over the ulcer. If an H. pylori infection is involved, antibiotics may be prescribed to kill the bacteria.

You’ll need to avoid irritating the ulcer, too, which means avoiding NSAIDs, alcohol and smoking during recovery. Limiting their use afterward could help you avoid future issues, as well.

Managing stress

While stress may not cause a stomach ulcer, it certainly doesn’t help it, says Dr. Lee. Learning how to better handle stressors in your life can help you be a healthier, happier and more productive person.

Advertisement

Ease stress by trying:

And if your life continually feels overwhelming, consider talking to your healthcare provider or a therapist.

What’s the difference between GERD and stomach ulcers?

Advertisement

Learn more about our editorial process.

Related Articles

Person sitting on couch with head in hand, looking upset/stressed
October 4, 2024/Mental Health
How Stress Can Make You Sick

We all experience some stress from time to time, but chronic stress can contribute to health issues like diabetes and cardiovascular disease

Legs and feet of person walking through leaves on grass outside
October 2, 2024/Wellness
20 Ways To Relieve Stress

Getting outside, eating a healthy diet, taking up journaling, listening to music — even cuddling a pet — can provide stress relief

Salmon over rice with veggies
October 1, 2024/Nutrition
De-Stress Eating: Foods To Help Reduce Anxiety

Give these 30+ grocery items a try to help find relief

Person at desk at work, eyes closed in discomfort, hand at base of throat
September 30, 2024/Digestive
What’s the Difference Between Heartburn, Acid Reflux and GERD?

While all three are different, they’re also closely related

Glass of pickle juice with metal straw and glass bowl of pickles
September 19, 2024/Digestive
Is Pickle Juice the Solution for Your Heartburn?

There isn’t any scientific proof that the tangy liquid offers relief for GERD symptoms

Person stopped on bridge during workout, wearing arm band and earbuds, to drink from water bottle
September 6, 2024/Digestive
Gut Reaction: Home Remedies To Help Manage Your IBS

Changes in eating, exercise and sleep habits often can help reduce symptoms

Teen walking into bathroom at home
September 4, 2024/Children's Health
Kids and Teens Deal With IBS, Too

Pediatric IBS treatment involves making dietary adjustments, getting mental health support and — in some cases — taking prescription medication

Person sitting at home desk writing in a journal
September 3, 2024/Living Healthy
How To Recognize and Cope With Emotional Stress

Try mindfulness, healthy lifestyle changes and making time to relax to help combat emotional stress

Trending Topics

Female and friend jogging outside
How To Increase Your Metabolism for Weight Loss

Focus on your body’s metabolic set point by eating healthy foods, making exercise a part of your routine and reducing stress

stovetop with stainless steel cookware and glassware
5 Ways Forever Chemicals (PFAS) May Affect Your Health

PFAS chemicals may make life easier — but they aren’t always so easy on the human body

jar of rice water and brush, with rice scattered around table
Could Rice Water Be the Secret To Healthier Hair?

While there’s little risk in trying this hair care treatment, there isn’t much science to back up the claims

Ad